In the complex world of law enforcement, acronyms and legislative terms often serve as shorthand for intricate concepts, specialized...

Introduction False confessions are one of the most perplexing and consequential phenomena in criminal justice. They raise critical...

How the active listening skill of reflecting helps increase rapport and information disclosure.

One of the major assumptions regarding false confessions is "no one would ever confess to a crime they did not commit." It is an...

I very recently watched a newscast reporting on new leads in an old cold case. The individual being interviewed gave all the reasons why...

There is a timeless adage: "Failing to prepare is preparing to fail," which holds true for any investigation. Whether dealing with a...

Elizabeth Loftus, a preeminent psychologist and memory researcher, has made significant contributions to our understanding of human...

At IXI we know that active listening is a critical skill that is proven to enhance your personal and professional relationships. Active...

Active listening is a communication technique that has been widely recognized for its effectiveness in fostering understanding and...

Investigative interviewing today stands at a crossroads, split between two fundamentally different approaches: information-gathering and...

In the world of science-based interviewing, certain techniques can significantly influence the effectiveness of your interviews and...

History and Significance Every year, tens of thousands of law enforcement officers from around the world converge on Washington, D.C. to...

The Fifth Amendment to the U.S. Constitution protects against self-incrimination, double jeopardy, and deprivation of life, liberty, or property without due process. It also ensures grand jury indictments and fair compensation for property seized under eminent domain. These rights are crucial in criminal cases, especially during interrogation, where protections like Miranda warnings safeguard suspects from coercion and uphold justice.

Science-based investigative interviewing is the modern standard for truth-seeking. Interviews remain the primary engine of information gathering, beginning with patrol and continuing through complex investigations. Rapport and active listening are not “soft skills” but high-stakes tools proven to increase cooperation and disclosure while reducing error. Great interviews discover evidence, expose contradictions, identify witnesses, and provide vital context. Information is the

Brown v. Mississippi marked a turning point: confessions obtained through brutal interrogation violate due process and are inadmissible.